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Debris Disks: Structure, Composition, and Variability
- A. Meredith Hughes1, Gaspard Duchêne2,3, and Brenda C. Matthews4,5
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View Affiliations Hide AffiliationsAffiliations: 1Department of Astronomy, Van Vleck Observatory, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, USA; email: [email protected] 2Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3411, USA 3Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Planétologie de Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France 4Herzberg Astronomy & Astrophysics Programs, National Research Council of Canada, Victoria, British Columbia V9E 2E7, Canada 5Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
- Vol. 56:541-591 (Volume publication date September 2018) https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-081817-052035
- First published as a Review in Advance on July 18, 2018
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Copyright © 2018 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
Abstract
Debris disks are tenuous, dust-dominated disks commonly observed around stars over a wide range of ages. Those around main sequence stars are analogous to the Solar System's Kuiper Belt and zodiacal light. The dust in debris disks is believed to be continuously regenerated, originating primarily with collisions of planetesimals. Observations of debris disks provide insight into the evolution of planetary systems; and the composition of dust, comets, and planetesimals outside the Solar System; as well as placing constraints on the orbital architecture and potentially the masses of exoplanets that are not otherwise detectable. This review highlights recent advances in multiwavelength, high-resolution scattered light and thermal imaging that have revealed a complex and intricate diversity of structures in debris disks and discusses how modeling methods are evolving with the breadth and depth of the available observations. Two rapidly advancing subfields highlighted in this review include observations of atomic and molecular gas around main sequence stars and variations in emission from debris disks on very short (days to years) timescales, providing evidence of non-steady-state collisional evolution particularly in young debris disks.
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